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Benchmark (surveying)Posted on:3/29/2006
| A benchmark is a point of reference for a measurement. In surveying a benchmark is a geodetic control point set by a surveyor to mark a point of known vertical elevation. |
A benchmark is a point of reference for a measurement. In surveying a benchmark is a geodetic control point set by a surveyor to mark a point of known vertical elevation. These marks may be chiseled into a wall or they may be small brass or aluminium disks, concrete posts, iron pins or bolts that are permanently attached to a stable foundation. In all cases the mark is used by subsequent surveyors to establish the elevation of nearby points. The height of a benchmark is calculated relative to the heights of nearby benchmarks in a network extending to a fundamental benchmark (often at a point designated as the mean sea level of the county in question).
The term benchmark originates from the chiseled horizontal marks that surveyors made into which an angle-iron could be placed to bracket (bench) a levelling rod, thus ensuring that the levelling rod can be accurately repositioned in the same place in the future. These marks were usually highlighted with a chiseled arrow below the horizontal line.
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